What process describes the breakdown of chemicals due to sunlight?

The process described by the breakdown of chemicals due to sunlight is known as photodegradation. This phenomenon occurs when sunlight, particularly ultraviolet (UV) light, interacts with chemical compounds, leading to their decomposition into simpler forms. Photodegradation is significant in many environmental contexts, such as in the degradation of pesticides, where exposure to sunlight can reduce the longevity and effectiveness of these substances in the environment.

Understanding photodegradation is essential for pesticide applicators, as it helps them assess how quickly a pesticide may break down under natural conditions, influencing application strategies and environmental safety considerations. Other processes, while related to chemical changes, do not specifically refer to breakdown caused by sunlight. For example, microbial action involves the degradation of substances by living organisms, while chemical degradation can arise through various reactions not limited to sunlight. Volatility refers to the tendency of a substance to evaporate, which is a different concept altogether.